They have Low melting and boiling points compared to most other metals. The names of these elements are Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium and Francium. They are silver-coloured when pure and soft. Elements classified as Alkali Metals are very reactive metals that do not occur freely in nature.
Periodic Table Groups - Alkali Metals
Periodic Table Groups - Alkaline Earth metals - Group 2
Alkaline Earth metals are the elements in group 2 of the Periodic Table. The chemical symbols identify the element names. The alkaline earth metals are silvered colored, soft metals. Elements classified as Alkaline Earth Metals are all found in the Earth’s crust, but not in the elemental form as they are so reactive. Instead, they are widely distributed in rock structures. Alkaline metals are usually shiny solids that conduct heat or electricity and can be formed into sheets.
Periodic Table Groups - Alkaline Earth Metals
Periodic Table Groups - Transition metals - Groups 3 - 12
Transition metals are the elements in the middle of the periodic table. These elements, classified as "transition metals“, can be found in group 3 through to 12 of the periodic table. As with all metals, the transition elements are both ductile and malleable, and conduct electricity and heat. They are generally hard and dense, and less reactive than the alkali metals. Iron, copper, silver and gold are important transition metals.
Periodic Table Groups - Transition Metals
Periodic Table Groups - Metalloids - Groups 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17
The 7 elements classified as "Metalloids“ or “Semi-metals” are located in Groups 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 of the Periodic Table. Metalloids can have some properties partially like metals and partially like non-metals. The terms brittleness, semi-conductivity and metallic lustre are often used as distinguishing indicators of metalloid status. The names of the Metalloids are Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Antimony, Tellurium and Polonium.
Periodic Table Groups - Metalloids
Periodic Table Groups - Other Metals - Groups 13, 14, and 15
The elements classified as “Other Metals” are the metallic elements within Groups 13, 14, and 15 in the Periodic Table. “Other metals” are solid, opaque, ductile, malleable and good conductors of both electricity and heat. They also have a relatively high density The names of the Other Metals are Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Tin, Thallium, Lead and Bismuth.
Periodic Table Groups - Other Metals
Periodic Table Groups - Non-Metals - Groups 1, 14, 15 and 16
The 7 elements classified as “Non-Metals” are located in Groups 1, 14, 15 and 16 of the Periodic Table. They can be gases or elements that do not look like metals and can be described as Brittle solids. They are poor electrical and thermal conductors Non-metallic elements exist, at room temperature as gases (such as oxygen) and solids (such as carbon). The names of the Non-Metals are Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur and Selenium.
Periodic Table Groups - Non-metals
Periodic Table Groups - Halogens - Group 17
The 5 elements classified as "Halogens" are located in Group 17 of the Periodic Table. Group 17 is therefore the only periodic table group exhibiting all three states of matter at room temperature. They are non-metals with low melting and boiling points. They have colored vapours and are poor conductors of heat and electricity. The elements classed as Halogens are Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine and Astatine.
Periodic Table Groups - Halogens
Periodic Table Groups - Noble Gases - Group 18
The Noble Gases are in Group 18 of the periodic table. All of these gases are found in air and make up around 0.96% of the atmosphere. They are very un-reactive and colorless gases The 6 elements classed as noble gases are Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon.
Periodic Table Groups - Noble Gases
Periodic Table Groups - Rare Earth Elements - Group 3
The elements classified as "Rare Earth Elements" are located in Group 3 of the Periodic Table and in the 6th and 7th periods. The Rare Earth Elements are of the Lanthanide and Actinide series. The Rare Earth metals are silver, silvery-white or gray metals which have a high luster, but tarnish readily in air. They have a high electrical conductivity.
