The Element Hafnium

What is Hafnium? Element Properties & Periodic Table Info

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Definition of the Hafnium Element
A brilliant, silvery, metallic element separated from ores of zirconium and used in nuclear reactor control rods, as a getter for Oxygen and
Nitrogen, and in the manufacture of Tungsten filaments. The metal is unaffected by alkalis and acids, except hydrofluoric acid. Hafnium resists corrosion due to formation of a tough, impenetrable oxide film on its surface. The Atomic Number of this element is 72 and the Element Symbol is Hf.

Origin / Meaning of the name Hafnium
The word  Hafnium originates from the Latin Hafnia for "Copenhagen".

 

Periodic Table Group and Classification of the of the Hafnium Element
Elements can be classified based on their physical states (States of Matter) e.g. gas, solid or liquid. This element is a solid. Hafnium is classified as a "Transition Metal" which are located in Groups 3 - 12 of the Periodic Table. Elements classified as Transition Metals are generally described as ductile, malleable, and able to conduct electricity and heat.Nearly 75% of all the elements in the Periodic Table are classified as metals which are detailed in the List of Metals.

Facts about the History and the Discovery of the Hafnium Element
Hafnium was discovered by Dirk Coster and Georg von Hevesy in 1923 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Found in zircon through X-ray spectroscope analysis in Norway.  First separated from zirconium through re-crystallization of double ammonium or
Potassium fluorides by Jantzen and von Hevesey. Metallic Hafnium was first prepared by Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik deBoer. Associated with zirconium by using the Bohr theory.

History of the Periodic Table
Check out the brief History of the Periodic Table which details dates and the names of famous scientists and chemists who contributed to the development of the Periodic Table.

Occurrence of the Hafnium Element
Does not exist as a free element in nature
Obtained from zircon
Found combined in natural zirconium compounds and minerals such as alvite

Abundances of the element in different environments
% in Universe 7×10-8%
% in Sun 1×10-7%
% in Meteorites 0.000017%
% in Earth's Crust 0.00033%
% in Oceans 8×10-10%
% in Humans N/A

Associated Uses of Hafnium
Nuclear reactors
Hafnium reactor
The Hafnium bomb
Used in incandescent lamps
Tungsten filaments

Hf

The Properties of the Hafnium Element
Symbol of Element : Hf
Atomic Number : 72
Atomic Mass: 178.49 amu
Melting Point: 2150.0 °C - 2423.15 °K
Boiling Point: 5400.0 °C - 5673.15 °K
Number of Protons/Electrons: 72
Number of Neutrons : 106
Crystal Structure: Hexagonal
Density @ 293 K: 13.2 g/cm3
Color :
silvery

The Properties of the Hafnium Element
Name of Element : Hafnium
Symbol of Element : Hf
Atomic Number of Hafnium : 72
Atomic Mass: 178.49 amu
Melting Point: 2150.0 °C - 2423.15 °K
Boiling Point: 5400.0 °C - 5673.15 °K
Number of Protons/Electrons in Hafnium : 72
Number of Neutrons in Hafnium : 106
Crystal Structure: Hexagonal
Density @ 293 K: 13.2 g/cm3
Color of Hafnium :
silvery

Hafnium as on the Periodic Table
Check out Hafnium on the Periodic Table which arranges each chemical element according to its atomic number, as based on the Periodic Law, so that chemical elements with similar properties are in the same column. Our Periodic Table is simple to use - just click on the symbol for Hafnium as on the Periodic Table for additional information and for an instant comparison of the Atomic Weight, Melting Point, Boiling Point and Mass - G/cc with any other element. An invaluable source of facts and information as a Chemistry reference guide.

What is Hafnium - IUPAC and the Modern Standardised Periodic Table
The Standardised Periodic Table in use today was agreed by the International Union of Pure Applied Chemistry, IUPAC, in 1985 and now recognises more periods and elements than Dimitri  Mendeleev knew in his day in his day but still all fitting into his concept of  the "Periodic Table" in which Hafnium is just one element that can be found.

Learn about what is Hafnium with these fast facts...
These articles contain facts and information relating to Hafnium and each of the other elements including the Periodic Symbol,  group, classification, properties and atomic number which is often referred to as the Periodic Table Number. Test your knowledge of chemistry and the Periodic Table by completing the Element Symbols and Atomic Numbers on our Blank Periodic Table. Chemistry students will also find a helpful section on Chemical Formulas.

What is the Element Hafnium

The Elements are the building blocks of Modern Science & Chemistry


 

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